Bone Abstracts

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and assess the change in bone mineral density in OI children treated with BPs at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic hospital (CHBAH), South Africa.Methods: Medical files of 104 OI patients who were seen at Metabolic Bone clinic from 01 January 2006 till 31 December 2015 were reviewed. DXA measurements were available on 33 patients that received bisphosphonates from baseline and during therapy at three time p...

Differences in fracture rates and bone mass in families and individuals of different ethnic origins may be due to differing lifestyles and/or genetic backgrounds. This study aimed to assess the associations of bone mass and fracture prevalence in adolescents with maternal bone mass and fracture history, and sibling fracture history.Data from 1389 adolescent-biological mother pairs from the Birth to Twenty (Bt20) longitudinal study were obtained. Question...

Objectives: While nutritional rickets is traditionally associated with vitamin D deficiency, a number of other etiological factors have been proposed, including low calcium intake. Maternal nutrition can affect fetal and infant skeletal growth and development. Our aim was to determine the relationship between maternal bone density and rickets in Nigerian children.Methods: We measured areal forearm bone mineral density (BMD) in 56 and 131 mothers of child...

Bone accrual and the attainment of peak bone mass influence an individual’s predisposition to fracture or osteoporosis later in life. The developmental tempo and the movement of the periosteal and endosteal surfaces of the appendicular skeleton during growth result in variations in bone mineral content and density. During puberty the differential in peak height and peak bone mass accretion negatively influence bone strength. A surrogate measure of bone strength is the met...

Skeletal development during childhood and adolescence is an important determinant of adult bone health. Patterns of growth differ between populations, but it is unclear how these differences relate to changes in bone size and volumetric density. We aimed to examine ethnic differences in skeletal phenotype in the context of pubertal growth and development in 279 adolescent males from Johannesburg, South Africa.We performed annual peripheral quantitative c...

Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal and child bone density in a cohort of mothers and their children with and without rickets.Methods: Using a case-control design without matching, areal forearm bone mineral density (aBMD) was measured in 52 and 135 Nigerian children with and without rickets, respectively, and their mothers. The metaphyseal site was located at the site of minimal bone density of the distal radius and ulna. The diaph...

Background: Acquired hypophosphataemic rickets is an unusual presentation in children and usually consequent on renal tubular damage. One of the factors important in phosphate homeostasis is FGF23. Healthy individuals maintain normal phosphate homeostasis by coupling FGF23 production with proteolytic cleavage. Iron deficiency stimulates FGF23 transcription and is a novel mechanism of FGF23 elevation. We present two children who presented with iron deficiency anaemia and hypoph...

Objective: Nutritional rickets in Nigerian children is primarily due to dietary calcium deficiency and heals with calcium supplementation. Our aim was to determine the optimal dose of calcium for treatment of children with rickets due to dietary calcium deficiency.Methods: At the Jos University Teaching Hospital, 65 Nigerian children with radiographically-confirmed rickets were randomized to daily supplemental calcium intake of 500 mg (n=21), 10...

The prevalence of fractures in white children in South Africa is double that of black children (1). White males who fractured were shown to be more physically (2). The aim of this study was to compare the bone mass and geometry measures using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in black and white children with and without a history of fracture to determine the risk factors for fractures.Lifetime f...

Objectives: Nutritional rickets results from the interaction of poor vitamin D status and limited calcium intake. Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase is a marker of impaired mineralization in many forms of rickets. We assessed the reliability of serum alkaline phosphatase in identifying nutritional rickets in calcium-deprived Nigerian children.Methods: We reanalyzed data from a case-control study of Nigerian children with active rickets (cases) and age-,...